Five Tales of Focus & Flow

I’m trying to hide my hands. I wonder,

How exactly do I type, if I don’t want the Starbucks-sipping, friendly-old-couple the next bench over to see my sloppy, million-dollar-red fingernail job?

No vampire at fault here;  just my two-year old earlier this morning, in a moment of Pre-Creativity flow. I couldn’t stop her. I didn’t even want to. I let her paint away. No rush. No comments.

Of course she didn’t thank me for my sanguine permissiveness. Instead, she stepped back to admire her work.  I felt proud of her too, not for her spa skills, but for her pride.

I’m a good mom, and regardless of what my coffee-shop neighbors think, I’m happy to have scary, possibly-mentally-disturbed-mom fingers.

Knowing when to interrupt children, like any art, takes practice.  But undisturbed skill-building moments are crucial for future Creation.

While I played patient princess for the 2 yr.old, my 11 yr.old sat trying to paint in peace in a Monart class, but could not. The teacher made suggestions and gave out tips unsolicited on the minute. My daughter said,

Mom, the class was fun, but… this teacher kept telling me to add something here or change my shading there.  She’s nice, but she keeps interrupting me!

The teacher’s failure to adopt her student’s point of view, if only for a moment, makes her infinitely less effective.  A student unable to enter flow  for a teacher’s interruptions could lose respect for the teacher. If the student is well-socialized, she’ll divert mental energy away from the project to fulfill the teacher’s need to be heard.

A few doors over from the art class, my 8  and 6 yr.-olds were constantly responding to a teacher also, in a Taekwondo class. Master Kang said,

High kick!

They did. He said,

Low kick!

They low-kicked.

He said,

Focus! Focus!

They moved even faster to dodge his kick-mitt. Both children definitely in flow, trying hard to follow every order to  fulfill a shared dream of invincibility to evil forces they read about in books. Interruptions sometimes make flow possible, but if my Taekwondo children are to play in the art, they will need mental energy to do it. The mental energy they now use to follow the Master’s split second calls.

Just in case you’re wondering, my littlest one seemed in flow, too.  She closed her eyes and drank milk. Slow and comfortable. In a perfect rhythm. I did not interrupt her either.

Creativity’s Nectar, Part 8: Creativity Becomes Autotelic

Creative, life-sustaining work brings a deep joy. It isn’t about will-power or relaxing or whim-following. It is about optimal experience and flow.  Every day for 8 days, I’m writing about the elements of flow. Yesterday I wrote about Constant Feedback.

It is 1:00 a.m. and I’m in flow.

In my hand, a perfect croissant, more butter after layers of butter rolled and shaped like a moon, still new but swelling. Glorious disorderly, rip after rip, it melts into me. I don’t eat it because it is good for me or to fulfill a duty.  If I feel guilt I stop enjoying.

Eating a perfect croissant is for the love, for the experience, for the high and satisfaction.  Creative work in flow is like this. Your brain tingles with joy, it hums. The mental high is almost palpable. In flow the Creative process is for its own sake, not for duty, money or fame. It is autotelic.

Of course Creative work is much more active.  Croissant-eating is not difficult enough to maintain flow for long. The best moments in your life are not passive, receptive or relaxing. Creativity researcher Mihalyi Csikszenmihalyi says,

The best moments usually occur when a person’s body or mind is stretched to its limits in a voluntary effort to accomplish something difficult and worthwhile.

Optimal experience is something we make happen.  Achieving flow is the art of maintaining a mental terrain resistant to entropy, yet super-rich and conducive to Creation. Our current world is so packed with enriching opportunities, with fertilizers of the mind, a focused balance takes much practice to obtain. But as ancient Greek philosopher Democriticus said,

Water can be both good and bad, useful and dangerous.  To the danger, however a remedy has been found: learn to swim.

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To read about the other elements of flow visit posts in the Creativity’s Nectar series individually:

  1. Introduction to Flow
  2. Clear Goals Every Step of the Way
  3. Balance Between Challenges and Skills
  4. Constant Feedback
  5. Merging of Action and
  6. Distractions are Excluded from Consciousness
  7. Forgetting Time, Self and Surroundings
  8. No Fear of Failure
  9. Creativity becomes Autotelic

Or browse the entire series: Creativity’s Nectar: Flow.

Creativity’s Nectar, Part 7: Constant Feedback

Creative, life-sustaining work brings a deep joy. It isn’t about will-power or relaxing or whim-following. It is about optimal experience and flow.  Every day for 8 days, I’m writing about the elements of flow. Yesterday I wrote No Fear of Failure in Flow.

Just another impossible love story:

Thomas, master of the house, and Sally, the young, clear-eyed, willowy-dark beauty. He kept busy in his 6,000 book library, reading philosophy, thinking, writing to change the world, to free the oppressed. She dusted the top shelves with grace and feathers and moved on to her next chore.  Sally didn’t rest much; she was Thomas’ slave.

He took her to Paris.  She stayed with him to return to Virginia.  But to legally set her free, seemed unthinkable. She’d be banned from the South, for ever..  He loved her, but not enough to forsake her presence till the end of time or move their life to Canada.  So they lived an odd love, half-hidden, guilt-ridden, but long and blessed with seven children.  When Thomas Jefferson died, on July 4th, 1826, two of his children by Sally Hemmings walked out free and melted into white society.  The rest shared the lot of Southern African-Americans, the lot of their mother.  They lived on in slavery for more than three decades, until another great American, who also longed to change the world,  Abraham Lincoln, signed the Emancipation Proclamation.

I tell stories for a living: out-loud, to undergraduates.  I’ve got so many great stories, but I don’t always tell them well.  Sometimes, when flow is with me, my students’ shining faces betray rapt attention.  All eyes are on me.  I take split second pauses to check my hand positions and choose the next perfect word. I know I’m doing well by how my students look.  They are right there, in my face.  One yawn, is easily excused, specially if the student fights it hard. Two? Well, I’ve got to change my pace, pause and come up with something better or stop altogether and get them talking or writing.  History is human passion and suffering and stories of love and hate and resistance.  How can anyone be bored with that?

Flow is experienced in many settings, but constant feedback is crucial to sustain it. Highly Creative people crave that feedback, as I need it to direct my lectures.  But feedback must be real, catalytic to change and pushing towards progress.  Feedback continues the work, directs it.  It does not stop it. A student stopping me after class to say something nice, is a nice pat on the back for me, definitely rewarding, but isn’t directly affecting what I do in the moment and therefore is not part of what keeps me in flow while I teach.

Learning to ride a bike,  playing Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata, marker-sketching a new speed-rail system for California, all may bring on flow.  They provide constant feedback.  The new cyclist, the novice pianist and the seasoned engineer all know how well they’re doing, moment by moment.  Mistakes are quickly corrected, so the work moves on.

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To read about the other elements of flow visit posts in the Creativity’s Nectar series individually:

  1. Introduction to Flow
  2. Clear Goals Every Step of the Way
  3. Balance Between Challenges and Skills
  4. Constant Feedback
  5. Merging of Action and
  6. Distractions are Excluded from Consciousness
  7. Forgetting Time, Self and Surroundings
  8. No Fear of Failure
  9. Creativity becomes Autotelic

Or browse the entire series: Creativity’s Nectar: Flow.

Creativity’s Nectar, Part 6: No Fear of Failure

Creative, life-sustaining work brings a deep joy. It isn’t about will-power or relaxing or whim-following. It is about optimal experience and flow.  Every day for 8 days, I’m writing about the elements of flow. Yesterday I wrote about Forgetting Self, Time and Surroundings while in Flow.

Time spent fearing failure is not only less time for the task at hand. It actually makes you less creative in the future.  Fear works-out primitive brain functions at the expense of higher thinking skills required for deep focus. Fear is born (or conditioned) and processed (or encoded), in the  basolateral nucleus in the region of the brain called the of amygdala. Fear protects you from real danger. Neuroscientist, Ilene Bernstein says

often [fears] are learned very rapidly because they are critical to survival, such as avoiding dangerous places or toxic foods.

Highly creative people cannot waste mental focus on fear of failure.  Pushing toward the new and novel will invariably include mistakes, just like a baby learning to walk will fall on her rump sometimes.  Albert Einstein said

Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new.

With fear of failure come inappropriate perfectionist tendencies. Winifred Gallegher, author of Rapt: Attention and the Focused Life says,

A tendency toward perfectionism, manifested by a persistent focus on small, inconsequential details and errors, correlates with an inability to distinguish between what is or isn’t doable and with being unsuited for risky tasks.  Because they consistently pay too much attention to the wrong things,  these hardworking but anxious zealots end up reducing their productivity.

Anxiety, a manifestation of fear, reveals the task at hand does not match the Creator’s skill level or another element of flow is missing.  Highly Creative people find what is wrong and move ahead.  Creators are flow junkies. They do not dwell in the shadow-lands of fear and anxiety.

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To read about the other elements of flow visit posts in the Creativity’s Nectar series individually:

  1. Introduction to Flow
  2. Clear Goals Every Step of the Way
  3. Balance Between Challenges and Skills
  4. Constant Feedback
  5. Merging of Action and
  6. Distractions are Excluded from Consciousness
  7. Forgetting Time, Self and Surroundings
  8. No Fear of Failure
  9. Creativity becomes Autotelic

Or browse the entire series: Creativity’s Nectar: Flow.

Creativity’s Nectar, Part 5: Forgetting Self, Time and Surroundings

Creative, life-sustaining work brings a deep joy. It isn’t about will-power or relaxing or whim-following. It is about optimal experience and flow.  Every day for 8 days, I’m writing about the elements of flow. Yesterday I wrote about Avoiding Distractions.

In Flow, emotions are harnessed for a greater good.  Entropy of mind, body and environment are held at bay, like the parting of the Red Sea.  Spontaneous joy, even rapture, while performing a task drives progress.

This state of flow is experienced in as many settings as are there are people in the world.  A neurosurgeon scooping out a brain tumor, a  father playing tickle-monster with his twins, an aged village woman baking flat bread on a fire-warmed dome, a teen questing on World of War Craft, a woman giving birth, a toddler making play-dough spaghetti…you get the idea.

But according to psychologist Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi’s  surveys, 15% of people say they have never experienced flow and 15-20% say they experience it every day (or several times a day), with the rest of us in between.  And although I’m grateful in varying degrees for surgeons, dads and happy toddlers in flow, finding flow in Creative work could be humankind’s highest calling. Imagine a world full of people pushing to make the most of time on this planet by adding to a domain, a little grain of knowledge or a crucial bit to end poverty, cure malaria, prevent Parkinson’s disease or compel parents to love their children better. Humanity’s ability to improve its lot in the Universe depends on Creators in all fields.

A great place to start is with yourself.  Mahatma Ghandi said

Be the change you want to see in the world.

Dr. Vicki Stocking, director of research for the Duke Talent Identification Program, has studied flow among gifted children and says

It’s important that children see their parents engrossed in activities. Modeling is the most important way parents teach their kids.

This blog is my tiny contribution to increasing the state of flow on the planet.  Because Creativity is doing your best while contributing beyond yourself,  I am setting myself and my children on to flow in Creativity.

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To read about the other elements of flow visit posts in the Creativity’s Nectar series individually:

  1. Introduction to Flow
  2. Clear Goals Every Step of the Way
  3. Balance Between Challenges and Skills
  4. Constant Feedback
  5. Merging of Action and
  6. Distractions are Excluded from Consciousness
  7. Forgetting Time, Self and Surroundings
  8. No Fear of Failure
  9. Creativity becomes Autotelic

Or browse the entire series: Creativity’s Nectar: Flow.

Creativity’s Nectar, Part 4: The Merging of Action and Awareness

Creative, life-sustaining work brings a deep joy. It isn’t about will-power or relaxing or whim-following. It is about optimal experience and flow.  Every day for 8 days, I’m writing about the elements of flow. Yesterday I wrote about the Balance Between Challenges and Skills.

Slogging through the marshes of uninspired work, an idea hits.  Saint Teresa of Avila’s vision of a Medieval Spanish castle with many rooms led her to write the bestselling opus on inner spirituality, The Interior Castle.  At 16, Albert Einstein imagined chasing after a beam of light.  He later said the image played a memorable role in his development of special relativity.  Sometimes, the idea doesn’t hit, at all.  Charles Darwin‘s evolutionary idea arrived gradually, almost meek,  just a hunch, as he sat around aboard The Beagle, sketching birds.

The challenge is matched perfectly to the person and the subconscious pushes inspiration into thought.  Creativity scholar, Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi says

All other concerns are temporarily shelved in the deep involvement with the activity.

However the idea arrives, the Creator acts, compelled, almost automatically. Physicist Freeman Dyson says

Somehow the writing takes charge…You don’t really think of what you are going to write.  You just scribble, the equations lead the way, and what you are doing is sort of architectural…So the original design is somehow accidental and you don’t know how it comes into your head…and that is when the hard work is done.

But really, this state of flow is not eternal. As Louis Pasteur said,

Chance favors the prepared mind.

Chance, inspiration or flow; it comes on when glia and neurons inside your head transmit the inspired combination of electrical impulses impeccably, like a light- bulb shining bright for perfect wattage.  Flow is addictive.  It is the nectar of Creation.

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To read about the other elements of flow visit posts in the Creativity’s Nectar series individually:

  1. Introduction to Flow
  2. Clear Goals Every Step of the Way
  3. Balance Between Challenges and Skills
  4. Constant Feedback
  5. Merging of Action and
  6. Distractions are Excluded from Consciousness
  7. Forgetting Time, Self and Surroundings
  8. No Fear of Failure
  9. Creativity becomes Autotelic

Or browse the entire series: Creativity’s Nectar: Flow.


Creativity’s Nectar, Part 3: Balance between Challenges and Skills

Creative, life-sustaining work brings a deep joy. It isn’t about will-power or relaxing or whim-following. It is about optimal experience and flow.  Every day for 8 days, I’m writing about the elements of flow. Yesterday I wrote about the Exclusion of Distractions from Consciousness.

Creative work is hard and challenging enough to be worth pursuing.  Sticking to the easy or automatic leads straight to boredom, stagnation and eventually decline.  Nothing new comes easily enough to be comfortable. Getting into the elusive state of flow in Creative work, takes a lot of work that feels like work. Physicist Freeman Dyson says

You have to describe it as a sort of struggle.  I have to always forced myself to write, and to also work harder on a science problem.  You have to put blood and sweat, and tears into it first.  And it is awfully hard to get started…You have to force yourself to push and push and push with the hope that something good will come out.  And you have to go through that process before it really starts to flow easily, and without that preliminary forcing and pushing probably nothing would ever happen.

Highly Creative people don’t wait to be in the mood to work.  They don’t wait to feel inspired.  They deliberately push onward. Nobel Laureate Marie Curie said,

I was taught that the way of progress is neither swift nor easy.

But Creative progress isn’t too difficult either. Creativity researcher Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi says,

When the challenges become too great for the person to cope with, a sense of frustration rather than joy creeps in.

The joy of Creative work  lies between what you are capable of and the very new, hard and novel. Like a child trying to climb to the tippy-top of an ancient oak, you constantly reach for the next level.  You could fall, you could fail, but you keep moving forward. Walt Disney said,

We keep moving forward, opening new doors, and doing new things, because we’re curious and curiosity keeps leading us down new paths.

Csikszentmihalyi says,

When the challenges are just right, the creative process begins to hum.

That humming, that is flow.

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To read about the other elements of flow visit posts in the Creativity’s Nectar series individually:

  1. Introduction to Flow
  2. Clear Goals Every Step of the Way
  3. Balance Between Challenges and Skills
  4. Constant Feedback
  5. Merging of Action and
  6. Distractions are Excluded from Consciousness
  7. Forgetting Time, Self and Surroundings
  8. No Fear of Failure
  9. Creativity becomes Autotelic

Or browse the entire series: Creativity’s Nectar: Flow.

Creativity’s Nectar-Part 2: Distractions are Excluded from Conciousness

Creative, life-sustaining work brings a deep joy. It isn’t about will-power or relaxing or whim-following. It is about optimal experience and flow.  Every day for 8 days, I’m writing about the elements of flow. Yesterday I wrote about the importance of Clear Goals and Feedback.

We finally got good lemons. Yesterday my husband mixed an awesome bowl of tabbouleh, a middle-Eastern parsley salad, perfectly chopped and seasoned with lemon juice, olive oil and sea salt; like belly-dancing for your taste buds. We had visiting guests, and every person with a bowl marveled in delight.  Mmmm.  Or, so I heard later. I was changing a diaper or searching for a missing bottle, or may be I was putting on fresh lipstick. Somehow, I wasn’t part of the collective tabbouleh experience.  Later, still hungry, I reached for the almost- empty bowl, scooped out two large spoonfuls of tabbouleh and ate them.  Just fueling myself.  My attention was elsewhere. No arias played in the background to enhance the experience, no belly-dancing for my taste buds. This morning, when my 10 yr. old commented on how good the tabbouleh had been I realized I vaguely remembered the elemental coarseness of the chopped parsley.

Being able to keep attention, to focus and concentrate on the task at hand is crucial to perspiring in flow, towards Creation.  Deep concentration is characteristic of Highly Creative people.  They may have been born with this tendency. They may have acquired it through osmosis or deliberate practice.  Either way, they can concentrate almost at will. For the rest of us, this state of sudden concentration at will is as variable as good hair.  Novelist Walter Mosley seems to understand,

Some of you live in tight spaces with loved ones.  Some of you work so hard that you can’t see straight half the time.  Some of you have little ones who might need your attention at any time of the day or night.  I wish I had the answers to these problems.  I don’t.

But, Mosley says, the way to focus deeply is to practice your Creative task, to work on it everyday.  Albert Einstein said,

It’s not that I’m so smart; it’s just that I stay with problems longer.

Although Mosley sits down at the computer but three hours a day.  He’s thinking about his story or subconsciously mulling over it almost all day long.  He says,

The most important thing I’ve found about writing is that it is primarily an unconscious activity.  What do I mean by this? I mean that a novel is larger than your head (or conscious mind).  The connections, moods, metaphors, and experiences that you call up while writing will come from a place deep inside you. The way to get to this unconscious place is by writing every day.  Or not even writing.  Some days you may be rewriting, rereading, or just sitting scrolling back and forth through the text.  This is enough to bring you back into the dream of your story.

The novelist’s dream of a story, the physicist’s over-thinking of Time, the inventors constant tinkering, all illustrate the deep concentration Creative work requires, and proves mental space is claimed through time.  The more time spent on a task, eventually it can take over the precious real estate that is your brain.

Back to the tabbouleh bowl, I’m a little sorry I missed the sensual mini-party it ignited.  I don’t remember what  I was doing at the moment, but I do remember what I was thinking.  I was thinking about Creativity and wondering whether my brother-in-law’s conviction that Creativity cannot be taught, could possibly be true.  This is something great to think about if you’re working on your own Creative terrain, as I am.  So, my focus was right on that time.

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To read about the other elements of flow visit posts in the Creativity’s Nectar series individually:

  1. Introduction to Flow
  2. Clear Goals Every Step of the Way
  3. Balance Between Challenges and Skills
  4. Constant Feedback
  5. Merging of Action and
  6. Distractions are Excluded from Consciousness
  7. Forgetting Time, Self and Surroundings
  8. No Fear of Failure
  9. Creativity becomes Autotelic

Or browse the entire series: Creativity’s Nectar: Flow.



Creativity’s Nectar: Introduction

Creative, life-sustaining work brings a deep joy. It isn’t about will-power or relaxing or whim-following. It is about optimal experience and flow.  Every day for the next 8 days, I’m writing about the elements of flow.

No one expects the San Francisco Marathon to be flat, but mile 13 is a serious neck-extender or head-bower depending on how the running feels.  How the running feels depends largely on how well you’ve trained. I had enough energy on 60 Degree/Angle Street to consider helping a wheelchair athlete stay on course. In the end, I shaved an entire hour off my first marathon, in LA, only four months later.

The LA Marathon in one word: heavy. In two words: mega willpower.

The weeks after LA, I couldn’t just stop running.  I wanted to keep my lean, strong self.  But soon, running 10 miles, rather than 18 on Sundays seemed restful.  A month later, I couldn’t wait to get out of bed in the morning to run.  I was hooked.  Endorphin rushes every morning, who doesn’t want that?

Using willpower to train had kept me on schedule to achieve a relatively short-term goal.  But as in Creative work, the marshes of willpower-land must lead to the land of flow. Thomas Edison said:

Genius is one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration.

Yes. But, perspiration can feel awesome.  Indeed, it must feed the Creator’s soul, not drain it. Creativity researcher Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi studied people who seemed to be doing things that they deeply enjoyed but were not rewarded for with money or fame. He studied chess players, rock climbers, dancers and composers. He says:

It was clear from talking to them that what kept them motivated was the quality of the experience they felt when they were involved in the activity.

[The activity] often involved painful, risky, difficult  activities that stretched the person’s capacity and involved an element of novelty and discovery.

This optimal experience, Csikszentmihalyi has called flow because:

Many of the respondents described the feeling when things were going well as an almost automatic, effortless, yet highly focused state of consciousness.

Highly Creative people must experience flow very regularly.  The flow experience drives Creation.

For the next eight days I will discuss flow, it’s components and how Creative people sustain this state.

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To read about the other elements of flow visit posts in the Creativity’s Nectar series individually:

  1. Introduction to Flow
  2. Clear Goals Every Step of the Way
  3. Balance Between Challenges and Skills
  4. Constant Feedback
  5. Merging of Action and
  6. Distractions are Excluded from Consciousness
  7. Forgetting Time, Self and Surroundings
  8. No Fear of Failure
  9. Creativity becomes Autotelic

Or browse the entire series: Creativity’s Nectar: Flow.

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